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Hypatia (5): Hypatia, mathematics and mysticism

Consider now why I consider it inappropriate to another widely held view on the subject of the film AGORA, ie why I think is not a conflict between reason and faith, between science and religion . In this as in other matters, the film is ambiguous. Incidentally, this explains the title that accompanies these digressions, AGORAfilia and phobia AGORA : my relationship of love / hate relationship with a unique film in many ways, especially technical- and deficient in some others, especially in the handling of documents that the script is allowed. The film presents, in principle, a dedicated Hypatia, both in class and in their particular investigations almost exclusively mathematical and astronomical matters. Thus, with a vision cronocéntrica projecting over the past our current schemes around science, Hypatia us immersed in a strictly scientific issues and totally alien to matters spiritual. C'mon, it's a far cry from the scientific theological speculations. If that is the norm these days, it is certain that such a divorce between science and religion is not held up well-established ideas of the Enlightenment. Newton himself did not see the absolute space and time other than the presence of God eternal and unlimited.

The movie is ignored that Hypatia was a Neoplatonic philosopher. Perhaps closest to the intellectualism of Porfirio theurgy that Iamblichus or Proclus, but in any case concerned with spiritual issues at the highest level. Porphyry tells us in his biography of Plotinus, the founder of Neoplatonism experienced four mystical ecstasy in his presence. In his History of science and its relations with philosophy and religion [1] , Sir William Cecil Dampier puts it clearly: "Neoplatonism and early Christian theology grew up together, mutually reacting upon one another-indeed, accusing each other of plagiarism. Christianity, like Neoplatonism, is based on the fundamental premise that the ultimate reality of the universe is spirit, and in the patristic age suprarational adopted Neoplatonic attitude. "(1997:94 DAMPIER)

could not be otherwise when, from Pythagoras and Plato, geometry and astronomy were but the vehicles pure and appropriate to approach the divine questions, something like the language of the gods. And so, without doubt, understood Hypatia and passed it on to his disciples, as attested Sinesio when referring to his teachings as the "sacred geometry" ( hurt geometries) or the "divine geometry" ( theia geometry) (letter 93). It is precisely Sinesio letters of where we can extract enough material to get an idea of \u200b\u200bthe teachings of Hypatia. Mary does so masterfully Dzielska in the book cited. Suffice it to mention the significant treatments philosopher receives from his faithful disciple Sinesio "venerable philosopher, favorite of divinity" (letter 5), "the true master of the mysteries of philosophy" (letter 137); "that sacred hand that intervened between us "(face 133)," Your most divine soul "(letter 10)," His divine voice "(letter 5)

This classic and common link between mathematics and mystique was certainly present in the education of Hypatia, as his father, the mathematician Theon, was much given to the mysteries and revelations of Hermes and Orpheus. "Steeped in tradition, the family reads surely the revelation of Hermes, the Orphic theological writings, several Greek texts and manuals of astrology, divination (DZIELSKA 2006:90) An astrological poem contained in the Corpus Hermeticum among Extracts of Estobeo (XXIX) has been attributed to Theon:

OF HERMES. [FATE] [2]

seven wandering stars throughout space describing its orbit on the threshold of Olympus and eternity forever moves including: the moon light night, the dark Crono, the sweet sun, pafiana [3] with the marriage bed, the aggressive Ares, Hermes the beautiful wings and Zeus protogenerador of whom nature was born. Is divided among them the human race and we live in the Moon, Zeus, Ares, Aphrodite, Kronos, Helios and Hermes, ethereal breath of hope for tears, laughter, anger, generation, word, dream and desire. Crying is Cronus, Zeus generation, the word Hermes, Ares anger, sleep Luna, the desire of Cythera [4] Helios and laughter, because, justice, he laughs all mortal intelligence and boundless cosmos.

Apparently, according to scholars, such interest in the occult was common between the Alexandrian mathematicians (cf. G. Fowden and JC Haas in DZIELSKA 2006: 89)

Mathematics and mystical go hand in hand at least until Boethius (480-525), perhaps the last bastion of that spirit of ancient philosophy, writing summaries, reviews, and inspired by the Greeks treated the four mathematical disciplines taught by the Pythagoreans, arithmetic, geometry, astronomy and music, " which he called quadrivium , and served basis for the teaching of medieval monastic schools. Shortly after his death, by order of Justinian in 529 closed the schools of philosophy in Athens "in which at that time was teaching a half mystical Christian Neoplatonism: the emperor wanted to delete it, first, the last vestiges the teaching of pagan philosophy, and, second, eliminate any competition with the official Christian schools. "(1997:97 DAMPIER)

will not until the Renaissance to rediscover airs of divine geometry. In the fifteenth century, the cardinal and philosopher Nicholas of Cusa in De Docta ignorantia , recalled the mystical tradition:

"Thus Boethius, the most illustrious of the Romans, held anyone who do not exercise deep in mathematics could achieve the science of things divine. Did Pythagoras, the first philosopher, both by name and by the facts, the numbers did not research the whole truth? " [5]

precisely in that first book The learned ignorance, God is presented by Nicholas of Cusa as the fullness to which nothing is missing. He is the coincidentia oppositorum , since he matches everything besides Him is thought to be different from our understanding. In the infinite opposites are reconciled, as demonstrated by the geometry, then the curve of a circle of infinite radius can be thought of as a line:

"So, if the curve has less curvature when the circumference is greater circle, the circumference of the circle, greater than which there can be no other, is minimally curved making it maximally straight. "(lib. I, cap. XIII)

Pythagorean spirit of cusano undoubtedly influenced Johannes Kepler, the head to give mathematical support to the Copernican heliocentric with his famous three laws on the movement of the planets in their elliptical orbits. However, it is often forgotten that his official occupation was the astrological almanacs, which was convinced that God created the world in mind the mathematical harmonies, and therefore the first formulation of the third of his famous laws appears in an esoteric book Pythagoreanism oozing, 1619: Harmonices Mundi, The Harmonies of the World. The Pythagoreans were able to combine the four divine arts math-arithmetic, geometry, music and astronomy-in a colossal and sublime vision: the music of the spheres . El razonamiento que les llevó hasta ello es, desde sus supuestos, impecable: todo movimiento armónico –vibración, diríamos hoy-, produce un sonido; el movimiento más perfecto es el circular; los astros se mueven con movimiento circular; luego los astros producen al moverse…un sonido perfecto. Se cuenta que a Pitágoras le objetaban: “¿y cómo es que no se escucha tan maravillosa sinfonía cósmica?” Y que él, al parecer, respondía: “porque hacemos demasiado ruido…” Amén. Parece ser que Kepler no se resignaba a sufrir este mundanal ruido y, ni corto ni perezoso, se applied to the colossal project of writing something like the score of this cosmic symphony, relating the perfect polyhedra or Platonic solids with specific musical scales and planetary movements. As apotheosis as indecipherable. For those who want to venture into the maze Geometric original work here are some samples:

Landing Alexandria again, I want to clarify why he said that the film Amenabar showed, in my opinion, ambiguous in this regard. Although, as I said earlier, we are drawn to a Hypatia asepsis applied to astronomy, with no apparent contamination of metaphysical speculation, the final scene, in my opinion very successful, shows it about to die, drowned pity for his former slave Davo-in attitude almost mystical ecstasy circular skylight looking like the temple in which it is - does the Caesarion? - viewed from the side where it is located ....¡ is an ellipse! And we had previously suggested that perhaps Hypatia, an expert on conic sections, would have thought that centuries later discovered-no sin gran disgusto para sus pitagóricas creencias- el citado Johannes Kepler: que los planetas no se mueven en órbitas circulares, sino elípticas. La sugerencia del guión según la cual Hipatia habría hecho compatible su devoción pitagórica por el círculo con el nuevo hallazgo al darse cuenta de que la elipse no es más que un círculo visto en perspectiva, me parece magistral. Al menos al final se nos muestra un resquicio de la divina geometría de la que hablaba Sinesio…

---

[1] En Tecnos, Madrid, 1997

[2] quote the translation of Xavier Renau Nebot Hermetic texts, Gredos, Madrid, 1999, p. 417

[3] refers to Aphrodite, who is said to be born in the Cypriot town of Paphos

[4] Ionian island of Kythira is one of the places that are attributed the birth of Aphrodite

[5] Book I, Chapter XI, page 49 of the Castilian edition of Aguilar, Madrid 1981

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AGORAfilia and agoraphobia (4): Hypatia ... Christian?

In my second post on this subject, advocated a dual thesis, contrary both to the legend as the general use, namely , on the one hand, more than a clash between pagans and Christians it was a conflict between different groups of Christians , and on the other hand, more than an ideological conflict between science and religion, between reason and faith, it was a political conflict between different factions fighting for power . The first question, only add to what a witness said late, which appears in the Suda -great-century Byzantine encyclopedia X-suggests that it was a conflict between different groups of Christians when Cyril characterizes as "bishop of the opposite faction ( have antikeiménên hairesin ). The term used hairesis is precisely the origin of the term heresy , and refers to a group of believers who hold a particular view on one or more items of the same doctrine . In this sense, the testimony of a contemporary of Hypatia, Philostorgius, affects the same when we say that "it was shattered by the advocates the homousios ", understood as the triumphant followers of the creed of Nicaea, which definitively established the consubstantiality the Father and the Son, against Arians, Origen, and other heresies. "Hypatia belonged to one of these groups of heretics? This suggests a final testimony that, while obviously a fake, it does express what appears to have been a view held by some or something very close to the death of Hypatia. I refer to an alleged letter to Cyril Hypatia, in which he asks for understanding of Nestorius ideas about the nature of Christ, implicitly siding with them. As Dzielska says, "seems the end of antiquity comes a legend linking Hypatia to Christianity maverick "(DZIELSKA 2006:36). Of course, if it may be considered too militant Hypatia as a maverick group of Christians, not so in the case of his most famous student, Sinesio, who, despite being a bishop, he professed, as we shall see, a form certainly heterodox Christianity.

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AGORAfilia and agoraphobia (3): the murder of Hypatia, a wild form of ostracism

In any case, it was Christians who murdered Hypatia and was a Christian bishop, Cyril, who directly or indirectly was behind this atrocity. Christians, of course, as Socrates and as common sense, did not deserve that name, especially when we go into detail about the savage execution:

"And by agreeing, men at the head of which was a certain Peter, who was reader lurk the woman, who was returning home from somewhere, and pulling the car is dragged into the church called Caesarion, taking the dress to kill her ceramic pieces ( ostrakois ) dismembered and its members being called Cenarion burned. "(Socrates Scholastic, Ecclesiastical History 7.15)

At the risk of being somewhat harder, my translation attempts to be as literal as possible. Socrates is a reliable source among other things because it is also Christian. But it belongs to another heterogeneous group of Christians illustrated that both then and now are shocked of the atrocities committed by fanatics who claim for themselves-and exclusively-the orthodoxy, the "correct doctrine", the single thought, crossing for heresy whole "other doctrine" - heterodoxy - any other divergent thinking.

Another detail Ecclesiastical History of Socrates reminds us of its reliability another contemporary author is more committed to his orthodoxy, Sozomen, felt compelled to "rewrite" suppressing the pessimistic nature and tone of complaint which read in phrases like the following to the description of lynching: "This issue was a major shame, not only under Cyril, but under the whole Alexandrian church. Surely nothing could be further from the spirit of Christianity that the consent of massacres, fights and affairs of this kind. "Sozomen replaces it with a providential view of history of the Church, where, as expected, are silenced so embarrassing events like the death of Hypatia.

But the detail that would fix today is the cruel coincidence that is the fact that the murder weapon was a lot of ostraca, these fragments of pottery in which the Athenians, since the time of Cleisthenes , wrote the name of one character who wanted to condemn to exile when, in the hill-Ceramic pottery district, northwest of the Acropolis healthy habit of practicing so-called ostracism.

Ostracon in which can be read "Themisthokles Neokleos" Themistocles the son of neoclassical, who was ostracized in 471 BC (Museum of Ancient Agora of Athens)

What appalling contrast to the case of Hypatia! Our "good Christians" Peter and his henchmen had a wild and literal practice ostracism and get rid of a person non grata : a ostracazos!

course apparently was not the first nor the last case, it suffered similar treatment at 361 George, the Arian bishop of the city, and in 457 Proterius, also bishop. Their bodies also picked up and burned. No doubt why in many ancient sources is commonplace to refer to the rebellious nature of the Alexandrians.

another version should also be interpreted, as do Edward Gibbon, R. Hoche or Carl Sagan, the term ostrakois in its most literal sense, such as oyster shells. Which is very reasonable if we think that the crime scene, the Caesarion, was located near the beach, next to Grand Harbour. There probably more abundant shells that pieces of ceramic tile, or as some translate. This is one of the things they do disagree with Gonzalo Fernandez, in his essay 1985 "The death of Hypatia, the widespread view according to which were the parabolans, henchmen of the bishop, who perpetrated the crime. In his opinion, were the sailors of Alexandria, mostly Christians, who had already participated in a revolt against Caracalla in the third century, against the rule and faithful to their bishop, it was they who chose the crime scene, the Caesarion, a church built over a temple dedicated to Augustus in his role as protector of seafarers.

Either way, either with pieces of ceramics, tiles or shells, the truth is that Peter and his minions such - Oysters, Pedrín ...! - perpetrated a savage and literal form of ostracism.

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AGORAfilia and agoraphobia (2): Hypatia's death, conflict between Christians

Among my students in Philosophy 1 and 2 of high school students who have seen the movie Agora, the majority opinion, when asked about the issue of it, is that it is a conflict between pagans and Christians, on the one hand, and between science and religion, on the other. The more refined, perhaps echoing some comments that have heard speak of a conflict between reason and faith. Without going any further, my own roommate, when asked in class on the subject, has responded in the same terms: in the movie is clearly expressed the conflict between reason and faith.

I disagree with both perceptions, because I think it is neither one nor the other, although I must say that the movie load inks in both directions. My two thesis is that, on the one hand, more than a clash between pagans and Christians was a conflict between different groups of Christians , and on the other hand, more than an ideological conflict between science and religion or between reason and faith, it was a political conflict between different factions fighting for power . To support my argument, besides the most important contemporary sources-mainly Socrates and Synesius Scholastic, "I rely on research that I consider most comprehensive and revealing of Mary Dzielska, in his excellent essay, 1995 Hypatia of Alexandria [1] , yet, in my opinion, unsurpassed, despite our country's current spate of new (?) publications on Hypatia, following the interest generated by film Amenabar. In fact, I agree with Dzielska thesis, which provides some data and approaches that I think have been unsuccessful so far.

To support the thesis that it is a conflict between different groups of Christians, let us examine the data that we have reached regarding the relationship of Hypatia with Christians on the one hand, and pagan practices, for another. To summarize the information obtained masterfully Dzielkska reading letters Synesius, we can draw the following account of Hypatia's disciples whose name we know:

The "happy circle who enjoys his divine voice "(Sinesio, letter 5):

Ø Herculianus the Sinesio closest friend, who spends 10 cards (137-146)

Ø Ciro , Herculianus brother, probably, Flavio Taurus Seleucus Cyrus Panopolis Cyrus, bishop of Cotieo in Phrygia.

Ø Olimpio, "no doubt Christian" (DZIELSKA 2006:44-45) devotes Sinesio 8 cards

Ø ission, Sinesio partner, and Olimpio Herculianus

Ø Siro, leading to letters of Sinesio Olimpio Ø

Pedro , delivering a letter Synesius Hypatia (the 133), their name "indicates without doubt that a Christian" (DZIELSKA 2006:48)

Ø Hesiquio perhaps libiarca , ie the chief priest of the province of Pentapolis to 400, according to D. Roques (in DZIELSKA 2006:136, note 69 -)

Ø Euoptius , Sinesio brother, his successor as Bishop of Cyrene.

Ø Teotecno , who Sinesio called "Holy Father" (Letter 5); Alexandrian priest as the editor of the letters Francisco Antonio García Romero (1995:41-note 87 -)

Ø Athanasius, probably an Alexandrian sophist

Ø Theodosius, Alexandrian and "grammarian of the first order" (letter 5)

Ø

Sinesio Gayo appointed as a member of our family "(letter 5), it is understood that the circle of Hypatia

Ø Isidoro perhaps the priest and abbot of Pelusium (DZIELSKA 2006:55-56)

Listeners Hypatia conferences to a wider audience mentioned by Damascius:

Ø Orestes, the imperial prefect of Alexandria in 412-415, a Christian before his appointment as governor of Egypt (DZIELSKA 2006:52)

Ø Simplicio, such time commander of the East in 396-398

Ø Pentadius, imperial prefect of Egypt 403-404

Ø Heliodorus rhetorical lawyer in the court of imperial prefect of Egypt

Ø Ammonium curialis or Alexandrian council

Sinesio If we count in the 14 names that make up the circle closer to Hypatia, probably 8-in bold-being Christians, 6 of whom hold positions church, to which we must add that among the 5 names of people with important positions in the empire, there is one -Orestes, good friend of Hypatia, who is also Christian.

That fact is what makes you say to Mary Dzielska that "around" the last pagan "," helena martyr 'and' victim of terrible Christian fanaticism "(as described some of the creators of modern legend) meet Christian, pagan sympathizers and future converts. " few lines down: "No source suggests that, under the influence of this" pagan recalcitrant "one of his pupils being drawn into apostasy or, disturbed by anti-Christian views, want to kill him and teachings "(DZIELSKA 2006:58)

As it relates to paganism, one wonders why we are not aware that Hypatia has actively participated in the defense of Serapeo when held its destruction 391-which, incidentally, was another thing not to comply with the edict in June of that year enacted prohibiting the Emperor Theodosius pagan practices. If it had, we would have news of this, as we have the active participation of the neo-Platonic philosopher Olimpio, or ammonium and Heladio grammarians. Perhaps we should conclude that Dzielska "Hypatia is not attracted by Greek polytheism nor local cults (...) It does not feel obliged to support his Platonism theurgic practices nor ritual, divination or magic, there is no site in transcendentalism he professes, for service to a baboon-headed god. " (DZIELSKA 2006: 95-96). It, however, does not follow that Hypatia was an atheist or that their interest in science to keep it outside of spirituality; rather the opposite, since, as we shall soon see, is by no means Sinesio rhetoric when it comes to Hypatia as "the most venerable philosopher, the favorite of the Godhead" (Letter 5).

Based on these data, Hypatia is closer to Christians-at least those grown in Greek paideia, that of the pagans. Hypatia, of course, is siding with Orestes and we must not forget, as Dzielska warns us that "after all, the same Christian and Orestes is representative of a Christian" (DZIELSKA 2006:102). But we must not overlook the fact that "Hypatia is not popular or famous among the common people of Alexandria "(ibid.: 103). Quite the contrary, "the happy circle who enjoys his divine voice" is an aristocratic elite that has no interest in sharing their teachings to the masses, in this sense, tell Sinesio Bishop-being and to "explain the philosophy the mob only leads to awakening in men a contempt for the divine things "(Letter 143)

will be precisely this trick is going to play the bishop Cyril in his confrontation with Orestes: harangue the masses who do not have to Hypatia and yours in high regard, with canard that, even with Christian friends, Hypatia is a dangerous witch practicing black magic, an accusation that caused panic among the populace. This is also a crime punishable by the harshest punishment in the Christian empire, and, unfortunately, could check our compatriot and good Christian Prisciliano few years earlier, in 385, when he was beheaded on charges of maleficium Trier : Same strategy defamation, similar conflict between Christians .

On one side, then, is Hypatia with Orestes and Christians worship and moderate. The other is Cyril with the masses of Alexandrian famous in antiquity for his rebellious nature, and their parabolans, "most ignorant and uneducated, but obedient to their ecclesiastical leaders, hotheaded and prone to manipulation" (DZIELSKA 2006:209), who apparently are responsible for executing the sadistic lynching of the venerable philosopher who will regret to his contemporary, the Christian historian Socrates Scholastic: "Surely nothing could be further from the spirit of Christianity that the consent of massacres, fights and affairs of this kind" (Ecclesiastical History 7.15)

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[1] quote from the 2 nd edition in 2006 in Siruela Castilian.

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AGORAfilia and agoraphobia (1): Reflections on the controversial film by Alejandro

Amenábar do not know if that expression is doing his Don Quixote "bark, then moving", but the fact is that the box office hit and heated controversy that has arisen show clearly that the author not only rides, but gallops on the backs of their new-and in many ways excellent, film AGORA . I have heard and read reviews for almost every taste, ranging from the passionate defense of anti-Christian message and procientífico course of it, until the scandal over the handling of maliciously historical data for picking on the early Church. Some say the approach has left him somewhat Manichaean, you know, good and bad, black and white (in robes), Pagans and Christians, scientists and fans ...
In my opinion, Manichaeism is more in the eyes Time Viewer, which in this country, unfortunately, tends to simplify the contrasts in excess. The film certainly fed some topics, but topics are well-fed and those who manipulate the viewer the message and pulled the ember to sardine. Which, of course, is inevitable, especially when the film is documentary claims ...
The first question to make clear is that neither history nor any other science can talk about the facts as they are or were, therefore, as the Talmud says, "we see things as they are, but as we are." It has long epistemological critique of the various scientific disciplines has made us give up the pretense of objectivity. As I said Feyerabend, the epistemological anarchist, "for science, facts are facts " Clarifying that the first "facts" is a noun, while the second is participle, ie that science manufactures or builds its own facts . Therefore, no matter how "serious", "objective", "fair" or "documented" This investigation is always bears the signature of the author, his perspective. And what makes the issue much more complicated and Babel, but also more rewarding is that every reader, student or viewer agrees to this research, also makes his own, also builds its own interpretation. If we add that in the present case, it is not itself a research -Though clearly Amenábar has done with rigor-but a very artistic recreation-for-this documentary that the licenses in version and interpretation are as many as the perpetrator wanted to allow. And for the viewer, I would say almost the same.
Every truth is thus multifaceted, and my intention is simply to show some other sides of this compelling story that, in my opinion, both have been hidden by the glare of the blockbuster as the barking of criticism.

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PRAISE OF "BABYLON" THE THREE

THEATRE WITH PERSONALITY
Walter Ernesto Celina Write

60 years ago in a modest Mercedes local street, in the Cordon de Montevideo, was born the institution Theatre "The Shed."
Atahualpa The famous director of the venture Cioppo printed will feature cutting-edge independent entity of its kind.
now to a renovated room in the Avenida 18 de Julio, continues to offer works of drama of all time, in three stages that make up the cultural complex.

The experienced director Jorge Denevi, performs staging Babylon, the part of Argentina Armando Discépolo (died in 1971 at age 83.)
Fifteen players into action, with twenty-four more than cover the remaining items of the show back. The quantitative elements mentioned give an idea of \u200b\u200bthe effort that allows translating the work.

Its creator was a noted figure in the theater and film rioplatense Discepolín unforgettable brother, Enrique Santos Discépolo. It
say, preliminarily, that his father was a Neapolitan, director of the first local band from Buenos Aires, giving rise to an educated family.

At 18, Armando Discépolo comes to dramatic writing, finding the back of Pablo Podesta, a struts proscénica activity of rich tradition in the great city the River Plate. Julian and Osvaldo Barsky
say the current popular Creole and receive a strong boost from the development of the "circus Creole and the consolidation of the sketches. These were precisely the parts in one act, dramatic, humorous, popular tone. Were part of the gender boy, that name away from the serious, grown by foreign companies and opera.

Conversation with Elba Lopez, Denevi noted that the term was coined by native grotesque Discépolo for another of their events: Mustafa a dramatic way to see it through the ordinary. He was hurt by the human tragedy, the source lies, fake love, dishonesty ...
director warns that Babylon refers to a functioning society a certain way -for the time it was written, but also for such a society , 2009!

The atmosphere is charged with the elements of immigration, how important features marked on the Silver, which does not inhibit the transfer of situations over time. Italian, Galician, German, Jews. Poor and rich media.
variants dialect were taken with lace, shaping the contours of a lost time, although latency. Babel
In this disorder and confusion (where the title becomes Babylon), there is the mode of farce transformed into grotesque Creole.
comedy and drama go together, and cracks in the plot, Denevi Discépolo seeks to show what the man called bestialization in poverty.

On a huge stage, there are two areas together: an up-opulent and full of suggestions-and a very down-domestic-servitude in which it operates.

refinement of tango music, performed by Julio De Caro, opens the first page, the end of the party, which provides the internationalization of singing, with compositions sung a capella by cast members in various languages.
would have much more to say! **

waltercelina1@hotmail.com

29.10.2009

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DISCEPOLO ARMANDO BEYOND THE SILVER

Walter Ernesto Celina Write

The Rio de la Plata Mare Nostrum the that ply Uruguayans and Argentines, with their dreams in tow.
in 1516 when Juan Diaz de Solis went into the huge estuary, Guarani or charrúas intruder killed the sailor. Already, in that distant time, our original inhabitants, with its modest means of water transport, beyond the banks challenged the mysteries of the gigantic water and the wooded islands full of wild fruit.
The war of liberation was crossing pirate ships and barges independence. When immigration came from the capital Buenos Aires and lands new Mesopotamian human flows players expanded, again, the waters of the Plata and Uruguay to give an appearance varied and diverse to our lands.
Federal-designed for an institution that could not be-there remained a feeling of brotherhood. Under this fraternal heritage, Uruguayans and Argentines, Argentines and Uruguayans, open-open-doors to friendship and work. It is a story that does not diminish over time.

Uruguayans China Zorrilla, Hermenegildo Sabat and Victor Hugo Morales enjoy a well earned reputation in the city of Buenos Aires la Reina del Plata ", in various cultural activities.
There they met some time ago, in Morales's house. Chatted amicably for a report, to publish Miguel Bardesio in Montevideo. Sábat
reached the civitas founded by Pedro de Mendoza, in the 1960's, China in the 70 and Victor Hugo in the 80's.

Zorrilla, consummate actress of 87 years, works with Carlos Perciavalle in the revival of The Diary of Adam and Eve. Edit
also a kind of memory correspondence, in which he wrote joint letters from the residences you have had in London and New York and in Buenos Aires and Montevideo, in alternating homes.

Sábat-like Arotxa , cartoonist cartoonist capital-has an undeniable artistic talent. Work for editions of the Journal "Clarín" spearhead of a powerful multimedia group.
A caricature him, presenting President Cristina Fernandez crossed the mouth, was interpreted as a criticism of the president intended to restructure the media focused activities.
regard, no judgment. Appreciate it, the decision of the Buenos Aires newspaper that gave him opportunities to pursue their trade-adjacent to the humor and politics, "that began in 1955 in the Journal " Action " (Montevideo). Just notes: "On what happened to me I do not speak, because the drawing does not have words."
Is their affection for the metropolis of adoption: "It's the birthplace of my mother. A let me express myself and live on what I wanted, which is painting and drawing. I am grateful to Buenos Aires. Sure, there are things beyond our reach! "

Víctor Hugo Morales

like the neighboring city. Lives across the river in a position that allows you to night glimpses of Colonia, Uruguay. Not for nothing remember: "I was born in Cardona (Soriano), which is exactly the same distance from Montevideo and Buenos Aires." And here is great cinema and enjoys opera, jazz and tango, fueling his passion gender culture.

His condition football reporter comes at a time, with the following anecdote about Carlos Solé, that formidable communicator football of all time: "He never gave importance to any player. And that was why the author of the most amazing sentence I've said a professional in my work, when (Victor) Asparagus puts a goal against Russia, the last great joy of Uruguay in the World 1970. With the goal what do the speakers? "Gooolll, entered stud, brave, put the rod to the bottom and Uruguay alive in the championships the world. "That I would say. But Solé did this: "Goal, Asparagus, this mediocre football fan, touched by the wand of glory." It's wonderful and he did it because it had never crossed Solé a word with Asparagus. " Next, it confirms its Rapporteur impartial stance, stressing its independence from any club. Three
Uruguay in Buenos Aires. China Zorrilla
confesses. He talks about his passion for theater and the secret of its freshness: "I live for a living. And there's one thing I still like the first day, which is to go to the theater ... and I will continue! "
not least on his own, making their two compatriots.
talent, respect and brotherhood are constantly transported from one bank to another. Water binding of villages where there are no intruders.

waltercelina1@hotmail.com

26.10.2009

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URUGUAY TANGO, CULTURE AND POLITICS

Walter Ernesto Celina Write

the middle of last century and work of musicologist conferences Lauro Uruguayan Ayestarán possible to reach the roots rather hidden, if not scorned, in numerous national folk acts.
From there on, there was a growing appreciation of the accents of our musical culture.
UNESCO (United Nations Scientific, Cultural and Education) has given a boost to tango and candombe , incorporating in the list that ranks as Intangible Heritage of Humanity.

In the hours following this pronouncement, made in October 2009 in the city of Abu Dhabi (city Gulf Arab island), Ambassador of Argentina in Uruguay issued a note with the expressive title "A universal heritage which strengthens our common identity."

Hernán Patiño Mayer points out, rightly, some concepts that seem appropriate to me to transcribe.

1 .- "In the globalized world ... preservation of identity is perhaps one of the biggest challenges that the people are. Globalization, with all the opportunities it offers, raises the risk of being subsumed into a sort of universal identity ... "

2 .-" No one is only child of his parents and his environment but no one comes to who actually is, if he denies, denies or ignores its origins. Something
very similar happens with people. The big question seems to lie in responding wisely to the dilemma: how to be, not to be? "

3 .-" There were times when Tango and Candombe were denied by the elites of two great capitals of La Plata. The first, by associating it with the suburban culture of the suburbs, brothels and tenements territory, populated by prostitutes and hoodlums knife. The other, because it is the surviving expression of African American culture, embarrassing reminder of the barbarism of slavery and rebellion of those who witness, even today, fighting for their final award. "

4 .- "It took the tango triumph in Europe in the early decades of last century, so that the doors closed for cultural colonialism began to open one of the richest expressions of popular culture universal. "

Apart from this assessment, so eloquently delivered by the diplomatic representative of the sister nation, I will not without some political statements that elevation of spirit manifest this personality.
is your call not to miss the opportunity to "seriously reflect on the importance of facing together the challenges we face ... If the difficulties we divided, "he adds, will overcome the difficulties and that they benefit. If, on the contrary, we are able to face them together, not only overcome but we know that, as in this case, we told the world that, in the south also exists, there are two towns that are a time to defend their values \u200b\u200band projecting the future. "
Demos the facts, then the opportunity to be tied to the good wishes, not to devour us awash inside and outside.

waltercelina1@hotmail.com

19.10.2009